Discovery of Agasthyamalai Bambootail: A new damselfly species in the western ghats with unique genetic traits

A team of scientists has recently made a significant discovery in the Western Ghats of Kerala, identifying a new species of damselfly called Melanoneura agasthyamalaica, or the " Agasthyamalai Bambootail ." This species was found in Manjadininnavila, near the Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary in the Thiruvananthapuram district. The discovery was made by researchers from MIT World Peace University, Pune, and Christ College, Kerala.



Agasthyamalai Bambootail: A distinct new species in the Melanoneura genus with unique genetic and physical traits


The Agasthyamalai Bambootail is the second species identified in the Melanoneura genus, joining the Malabar Bambootail (Melanoneura bilineata), which is found in the Coorg-Wayanad region. The Agasthyamalai Bambootail is visually distinct, with a long black body marked by vivid blue markings and a cylindrical, bamboo-like abdomen. Genetic analysis revealed that this species is significantly different from its cousin, with more than 7% genetic variation in the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase-I gene, confirming that it is a separate species.



Significance of the damselfly discovery
The discovery of this damselfly highlights the rich biodiversity of the Agasthyamalai region in the Western Ghats, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Lead researcher Vivek Chandran of Christ College emphasised that this discovery showcases the hidden biodiversity of the region and underscores the urgent need for conservation efforts, especially for species like the Agasthyamalai Bambootail, which have very limited ranges.



Broadening conservation efforts beyond protected forests to safeguard unique species in the Western Ghats

The Agasthyamalai Bambootail was first spotted in streams feeding into the Karamana River in the Aryanad Grama Panchayat, highlighting the critical role that non-reserve areas play in maintaining biodiversity. Further sightings in areas like Ponmudi Hills and Bonacaud suggest that the species may be endemic to the Agasthyamalai region.

This discovery emphasises the need for a broader approach to conservation, extending beyond just protected forest areas. Dr. Koparde stressed that safeguarding ecosystems, including non-reserve areas, is essential for preserving species that rely on these landscapes. The Agasthyamalai Bambootail is just one example of the many unique species in the Western Ghats, underscoring the need for enhanced conservation efforts to protect these fragile ecosystems.

This new species enriches India's biodiversity and highlights the importance of continuing research and conservation efforts in critical areas like the Western Ghats. As scientists continue to discover new species, the ecological significance of these regions becomes even more apparent, urging immediate action to safeguard their future.





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